Improvement in casting steel ingots



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HENRY DISS TON AND JONATHAN MARSDEN, OF PHILADELPHIA,

PENNSYLVA'NIASSIGNORS- TO HENRY DISSTON.

ette'rs Patent No. Y93,863, dated August` 17, 1869'.

IMPROVEMENT IN CASTIG' STEEL INGOTS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same` To all whom it may concer'n Be it known that we, HENRY Drss'rox and JONA- THAN MARSDEN, both of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,

have invented an Improvement in the Casting of Steel Ingots; and we do hereby 'declare the following to be teracting the effect which shrinkage has to form cavif ties iu the ingot.

Our invention further consists in making the wedges of the peculiar forni descn'bed hereafter, so as to contract the ingot to an extent proportionate to the extent and capacity of the cavity which would be fornied iu the absence of the said contracting wedge-s.

In order to enable others to practise our invent-ion, we will now proceed to describe the mode of carrying it into effect, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which forms a part' of this speciiicat-ion, and in whichi v Figure 1 is la Vertical section of a mould in which to cast steel ingots, and which illustrates our invention;

Figure 2, a transverse Vertical section on the line 1-2, iig. 1; and i Figure, a plan view.

In casting ingots of steel, much loss occurs, owing to the formatio'n, (luring the Cooling and sln'inking of the metal, of an irregula-r cavity or reoess, which eX- tends downward iutothe ingot to a greater or less extent. Thus, in the ingot A, fig; 3, a 'cavity a, of about the shape shown, would, under ordinary circumstances, be forined, the cavity decreasing in size from the top, but penetrating, in many cases, to the extent ot one-third of' the depth of the ingot, which, if rolled in this condition, would result in a plate, a great por-' tion of which would be laminated and useless. It becomes necessary, thercfore, to sever from the ingot as much of the same as the cavity penetrat-es, and this portion has`to be remelted, `the solid portion onlyr being -rolled into plates, or otherwise utilized.

In order to prevent'this wastepwe have adopted the plan which we will now proceed to '(lecribe.

The mould consists, in the present instance, of the two cast-iron Vertical pieces, B and B', fitted together, as shown in tig. 3, and to a base, D, as illustrated in figs. 1 and 2, the several parts enclosing a space (openat the top) into which the steel is poured, and the whole being held together by strong wrought-iron hands E, and wedges e e. i i

We prepare two wedge-shaped pieces', G and G', of 'wrought-iron or steel, each of. which is fiatcon one side, but rounding on the opposite side, the edgeslbe-l ing comparat-ively sharp, as ill-ustrated in the drawing.

Each wedge should also decrease in thickness and width from the top downward. w

After the molten steel has been poured into the mould, and `begun to set, the wedges are at once inserted, one on each side of the ingot, as seen in fig, and between the ingot and the inside of the mould, the flat side of the wedge bearing against the mould, and the rounded side projectiuginto the ingot.

Asv the'steel cools, the wedges are driven down, so as to contract the ingot and prevent the formation of the usual cavity a, so that when the steel has become coniparatively cool and set, it will be solid throughout, and the usual waste will be prevented.

' The Wedges should be proportioned to the size of the probable cavity; thus, in. fig. 3, where the ingot is of an oblong section, and the cavity is elongated, the wedges are wider than the cavity, while the thickness of the two wedges combined is greater than that of the cavity, so that on driving the wedges,'they may contract' the ingot over an extent of surface greater than thatwhich the cavity would occupy in length andb1'eadtl1,wl1ile the amount of contraction is greater than the capacity of 'the probable' cavity. Again, the cavity is always wider' at or about the middle than toward'the ends; Vhence, the wedges are made thick-in the middle, and areV reduced to coinparatively sharp v edges at the sides, for if the edges of the wedges were a-brupt or blunt, the recesses forrned by' them in the ingotwould be of,-a Character to interfere with the proper rolling of the same.

One wedge only, driven between the steel and 'in-l side of the mould, would serve the desired purpose,

but we vprefer the use of two wedges, we have found them most serviceable iu practice.

Te claim as our inventiou, and desire to secure by Letters 1 atent-- i 1. The method ofcontracting steel iugots by means of a wedge or wedges, applied during the cooling of the ingot, between the latter and the mould, all substantially as set forth. g

2.' The within-described wedges made flat on'one side, and rounding to comparatively sharp edges on the opposite side, and tapering in width and thickness, when the said wedgesare applied to a mould for casting lsteel ingots, all substant-ially as specified.

In testimony whereof, we have sign'ed our names to this specification, in the presence of two subs'cribing witnesses.

' HENRY DISSTON;

J ONATHAN MARSDEN Witnesses:

' A. H, SHOEMAKR, y

A. H. DlssToN. 

